One of the Most Disregarded Systems for Samples of an Essay about Yourself

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AMPHICAR - Free Essay Example

AMPHICAR II System Specifications 1 Statement of work Our team has aimed to produce an energy efficient, environmental friendly personal consumer vehicle that is capable of travelling on road and operating as a fun filled water vehicle. The project idea of AMPHICAR II is to introduce the vehicle to the public; the first prototype will be used in crossing in the English Channel, beating Richard Bransons record set in the Gibbs Aquada. The project background given by AdSing systems engineering, world leaders in revolutionary new system development, has undertaken the challenge of developing a state of the art amphibious vehicle for the consumer market. This is defined as the first phase of the project and the budget for this phase is $80000. This phase of the project will be completed in 30 days. After completion of the conceptual design of the AMPHICAR II project, it shall be placed as a proposal put forward by AdSing to independent sub-contractors for further iterations of the system development cycle. For the successful completion of this phase of the project, we will have guided by our tutor (Bill Daniels) who is the systems Engineering Expert. The requirements of the vehicle is achieved by incorporating safety features, capability of travelling on road and water, customer satisfaction, robust design, lower operational cost, and after all the project should be completed within the budget. IEEE 1220 standard specifies the system engineering process and it is primarily targeting our product (Amphicar) oriented system, which defines the inter-disciplinary tasks that are required to our project throughout the lifecycle to transfor m stakeholder (Customer)needs, requirements and constraints in to our product development. Therefore our group has emphasized to bring ideas in brainstorming session and initially conducted a assessment on potential customers before beginning the conceptual design. Here we have the conceptual design of the AMPHICAR project comprises of four different stages namely System engineering and management plan, Systems requirement specification, functional analysis allocations and final stage of system specification. The project planning in fact it refers to SEMP which includes statement of work, work schedule, cost analysis, product testing methods, program management, risk management, resources required, deliverables, etc., System requirements specification stage are identified based on the needs and the project requirements. Functional analysis allocation stage comprises with functional breakdown is done to determine the system physical design overview, functional analysis and component details. At the final stage of system specification, AMPHICAR II project undergoes evalu ation and final documentation. 2. Referenced documents AMPHICAR concept https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphicar Referred on 06/01/2010 The AMPHICAR Story https://books.google.com/books?id=C-PeNY12Ss8Cpg=PT12dq=Amphicar+designei=ZQlIS5ezBpv-lASmprT3DQcd=4#v=onepageq=Amphicar%20designf=false Referred on 07/012010 IEEE 1220 Standard readings https://ieeexplore.ieee.org.ezlibproxy1.unisa.edu.au/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=arnumber=1631953isnumber=34216 Referred on 09/01/2010 3. Work breakdown structure (this phase of the AMPHICAR project) 3.1 Schedule In fact we have 30days time from 8th January 2010 till 8th February 2010 to complete an attractive high level conceptual design of AMPHICAR II. The Systems specification preparation towards the Amphicar project will be worked in four different stages, under each stage the preparation compiled as draft and submitted through Assign IT on weekly basis. The weekly submission would ensure the timely completion of each stages include the project plan, system requirements specification and the functional analysis allocation and the final systems specification preparation of the AMPHICAR II project to be submitted. The complete details of the schedule can be seen in the Gantt chart on 1. The cost analysis and workout is also shown on Table 1. AMPHICAR II System Specifications 3.2 Cost Sl No. Planned Tasks Budget (S$) No. of hrs Actual Cost (S$) Balance (S$) System Engineering Management Plan 20000 7 days 17850 2150 1 Statement of work 4 500 19500 2 Referenced Documents 6 3000 16500 3 Work Breakdown Structure 3.1 Work Schedule 4 1000 15500 3.2 Cost 12 1500 14000 3.3 Product Testing Methods 15 3500 10500 4 Program Management 8 1750 8750 5 Risk Management 8 1500 7250 6 Resources Required 4 2000 5250 7 Deliverables 4 1250 4000 8 Organizational Structure 4 850 3150 9 Operational Concept 4 1000 2150 Total 20000 73 17850 2150 System Requirement Specification 24000 7 days 20500 3500 10 Scope 10.1 System Overview 6 1500 22500 11 Referenced Documents 5 1250 21250 12 Needs 12 4000 17250 13 Requirements 13.1 General Requirements 8 2000 15250 13.2 System Capability 12 2500 12750 13.3 Safety Requirements 8 2000 10750 13.4 Personnel Related Requirement 8 1750 9000 13.5 Security and Privacy Requirement 10 1500 7500 13.6 Logistics related requirement 12 2500 5000 13.7 Other Requirements 6 1500 3500 Total 24000 87 20500 3500 Table 1 continued. Functional Analysis Allocation 24000 7days 18500 5500 14 Scope 14.1 System Overview 7 1750 22250 14.2 Document Overview 4 1000 21250 15 Referenced Documents 9 2250 19000 16 Functional Analysis 24 4000 15000 17 Physical Design Overview 24 6250 8750 18 Component Details 8 3250 5500 Total 24000 76 18500 5500 Final System Specification 12000 7 days 11250 1750 19 System Description 8 2000 11000 20 Operational Requirements 5 1500 9500 21 Operational Constraints 5 1500 8250 22 System Evaluation 16 3000 4250 23 Final Documentation 12 3250 1000 Total 13000 46 11250 1000 Final Total 80000 282 68100 11900 Table1. Cost Note * 1 day = 8hrs and 5days per week (Monday to Friday) 3.3. Product testing method Product testing method is one of the most important steps in bringing out of our conceptual design of AMPHICAR II Project, which demands the recognition in the future when the product shall complete and reached at the market. The final product here is the AMPHICAR which is capable of travelling both road and water. The intention of the product testing method is to Ensure that the conceptual design of the product meets the design standards for employability, consistency, and user friendliness towards its functionality. Ensure the design meets the business goals and user needs. Ensure the design does not permit any changes at the final stage of its requirements and concept Ensure the behaviour of the system can be easily understood by the design engineers. Make sure that the design provides proper guidance to the designers to resolve any issues that may arise. Make sure that the design shall not distract the copyright of other brand in the global market. Ensure that the design is properly employed by the design engineers which can be easily interacted by the users and other products. Ensure the physical design matches up with the initial art design Ensure the safety features incorporated in the product shall always be enabling and These reviews are carried out at different phases precisely Project plan, system requirement specification, functional analysis and allocation and final system specification. At the end of each and stage a discussion session is made where all the team members and the manager (who assess the detail of design from the sub-system level to the component level), are gathered to review their respective tasks in each phase and the ideas are taken for any necessary changes of any improvement that can be done for bringing the project successful. The assessed document upon the end of each discussion will be sent as a draft to the project who verifies and evaluates the design and make a note to the manager and the team members if changes that are required for the design improvement and further evaluates after getting his job done by the team and approve the design and promote to the next phase. Thus the design of the final system specification is drawn and reviewed by the project director and approve the design for its release 4. Program management Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions within a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, it helps to execute business strategies much more effectively than an uncoordinated approach. The program manager must possess operational competencies, including project management methods and tools, to effectively manage the tactical elements of the program. Another important aspect of this core discipline set is that of becoming proficient in the specific processes and practices of the company that the program manager is a part of. Knowing how things get done, the policies and procedures that must be adhered to and who must be involved and approve various aspects of their program are critical for the successful completion of every program. During the early stages of conceptual design, it is essential that good communication between the producer and the customer be established from the beginning. The Design Engineer must fully understand the user requirements of the product to be designed. This can be achieved only we have a good communication between users. The communication modes used are Teleconference, E-mails, Fax and formal meeting between the project team members and others. Meeting agenda ( 2a) will be formatted for all meetings and distributed to all members before one day. And minutes of meeting ( 2b) are drafted and distributed to all members to follow up. The primary objective of our program management plan is to facilitate the timely integration of numerous design considerations into a functioning and Physical system that will be of high value to the user. Our program management consists of SEMP which already Stated in Gantt chart (System Engineering Management Plan), Statement of work (SOW), Work break down structure, schedule of tasks, Projecting costs for program task and interfacing with other planning activities. Our project has mentioned a configuration management plan to track the changes done from the beginning to the final review. During the later stage of our conceptual design we shall develop a comprehensive system engineering management plan (SEMP) to ensure the implementation of a program that will lead to a well coordinated and integrated product. a program is to exploit economies of scale and to reduce coordination costs and risks. programs deliver outcomes, program management is concerned with doing the right projects according to this view, successful projects deliver on time, to budget and to specification, whereas successful program deliver long term improvements to an organization design of the new product this delivers a design specification, modifications to the production factory Program and project management are both practical disciplines, Program management also emphasizes the coordinating and prioritizing of resources across project. Program management may provide a layer above the management of projects and focuses on selecting the projects, defining us in terms of their objectives and prov iding an environment where projects can be run successfully. Our organizations use the concept of Systems engineering where others use program management, ensure there are regular reviews; there is accountability, and that management of projects, allocation of resources influences the cost and success of the program. Infrastructure might cover offices, version control, and IT. A project must always have a specific end date, else it is an ongoing program. A project is designed to deliver an output or deliverable and its success will be in terms of delivering the right output at the right time and to the right cost. Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions within a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, management includes management of projects which, together, improve the Program management is the mechanism by which the work of various operating functions wit hin a company is integrated to create an effective business model. When program management is properly conceived and executed, performance of the organization. A programs success will be measured in terms of benefits. Program Management comprises a comprehensive suite of services addressing the full program life cycle and implemented by dedicated and highly skilled team members. PMP (Project Management Professional Program management practices put a continual focus on the business aspects of developing products, services and infrastructure. A skilled and competent program manager is the primary business manager on a program. We have Projects Managers that are certified and have decades of experience applying project management techniques and disciplines to client engagements in all industries. During our conceptual design phase we have scheduled a series of formal design reviews at discrete points where the design configuration involves from one level of definition to another. That is conceptual system, evolutions and design reviews. The successful implementation of system engineering principles and concepts is dependent not only on the technology issues and the process, but on management issues as well. Our BLR Engineering prepared a program management plan comprising series review meeting, audits, approval from user, risk managements, and some essential contingency plans. This program management plan guides all over activities throughout the project. 5. Risk management Risk management can therefore be considered the identification of the potential areas of risk. It is a part of the requirements and design stages in a project. Our team of experienced engineers has gone through the assessment and prioritization of risks followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and/or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities. One of the first steps of our risk management is the identification of the potential areas of risk. Risk shall include funding, schedule, and contract, relationships, political and technical. All of these hazardous shall be identified and evaluated and risk mitigation performed. Risk analysis should be performed as part of the risk management process for each project. Once a hazard identified as below, the steps of the risk managements process are as follows, Assess the current risk Define the acceptable level of the risk Decision on the response of the risk. Our risk management plan consists of four processes such as 1. Identification 2. Assessment 3. Analysis 4. Controls/Implementation 5. Responsibility As far as concerned about conceptual design process we may have these few types of risk only. Which are? 1. Technical Risk The possibility that technical requirement of the system will not be achieved. That is our design wont meets the system requirements adequately. We have planned to tackle such risk by remedial actions given in the table below 2. Schedule Risk The possibility that the project will fail to meet the scheduled milestones, such as those mentioned in our project plan. To tackle this issue we have identified possible cause and effects and of course the remedial actions to be taken respective 3. Cost Risk The possibility that the project will fail to meet the scheduled milestones and the cost of the project will go up and difficult to meet the budget. These are the probable risk that might be encountered and the contingency plan to overcome in the planning phase: Potential Risk 1 Difficulties in meeting up for our group member to discuss on the project due to different working schedule. Possible Solution to Risk1 Meeting to be done on every Saturday afternoon so the plans can be executed in the weekends before submitting the drafts. Ideally, meeting could also be schedule after 8 pm for a brief update on progress. Potential Risk 2 Group members have difficulties in meeting at convenient venue. Possible Solution to Risk2 Meeting can be done at any National Libraries or APMI campus when not only the environment is convenient for learning Potential Risk 3 Group member/s might fall sick and might not be able to meet for discussion. Possible Solution to Risk3 Work progress should be continually updated through email. Potential Risk 4 Group member/s may face problems in software incompatibility and in data sharing. Possible Solution to Risk4 Group member must work on common PC platform to avoid compatibility issues (e.g. one works on LINUX, and another one works on Mac Operating System and may result in unintended data corruption unable to read or edit documents. Better to work on common platform PC like Microsoft OFFICE and OpenProj for common means of compatibility. Any need of using unfamiliar program must be made known and shared so that each and everyone of the member can learn and use the new program. Potential Risk 5 Anyone of the Group member might encounter risk of data loss or corruption. Possible Solution to Risk5 Group member must regularly backup their data on their PC and must have a secondary means of backup (eg. Thumb drive or external hard drive). Seek advice from Mr. Bill Daniels through the discussion Board provided on course website. Initial Project Risk Assessment SNo Identify Hazard Hazard Assessment Causes Effects Implement / Controls Responsi- bility 1 Budget estimation unlikely 1. Substantial cost increase in the project 1. Source for more economical alternative to control spending. 2. Maintain strict accounting practice. Balaji 2 Unrealistic Projected timeline Frequently 1. Delay in project 2. Bad image for team 3. Loss due to time delay Strict to the time frame set for the work schedule and Gantt chart. Balaji 3 Disruption to System Equipment Frequently 1. Loss of Equipment 2. Delay in project 1. Constant backup. 2. Escalate of any unusual encounter. Rakesh 4 Manpower management Frequently 1. Delay in project 2. Overload of team member 1. Co-ordinate meeting regularly to delegate task and work discussion. 2. Meeting to be done on Saturday Lakshmanan 5 Group members have difficulties in meeting at convenient venue Likely 1. Delay in project 2. Substantial delay in all phases of the project Meeting can be done at any National Libraries or APMI campus when not only the environment is conducive for learning but laptop user could have access to internet wireless connection. Lakshmanan 6 Face problems in software incompatibility and in data sharing. Likely 1. Delay in document work 2. Delay in project Group member must work on common PC platform to avoid compatibility issues (e.g. one works on LINUX, and another one works on APPLE Operating System and may result in unintended data corruption unable to read or edit documents. Better to work on common platform PC like Microsoft OFFICE and OpenProj for common means of compatibility. Any need of using unfamiliar program must be made known and shared so that each and everyone of the member can learn and use the new program Rakesh 7 Group member might encounter risk of data loss or corruption. Likely 1. Loss of all details and documents. Group member must regularly backup their data on their PC and must have a secondary means of backup (e.g. Hard disk, Thumb drive). Rakesh 8 Vendor and Supplier co-ordination issue. Frequently 1. Delay in project 2. Bad image for team 3. Loss due to time delay Plan early and have back-up resources in the event existing vendor meet constraint. Lakshmanan 9 Having doubt in preparing draft. Frequently 1. Delay in project Seek advice from Mr Bill Daniels through the discussion Board provided on course website. Balaji Lakshmanan Rakesh Table2. Initial Project Risk Assessment 6. Resources required Resources are also a very important in the course of a project development. Availability of the different kinds of resources must be used satisfactorily. It is critical to establish a credible schedule because the timing of activities not only depends on the logical dependencies between them, but also on the availability of the required resources. Our group member has used as many as facilities available to achieve the required satisfaction of the information. The resources we use to accomplish the goal of acquiring the conceptual design of an amphibious car are, Hardware I. Computer To work on the project report development II. Computer peripherals To copy the draft data. To print the draft copy for verification. Software III. Core University 5.0 by Vitech Corporation To have the breakdown of the requirements To display the conceptual design through Flow Functional Block Diagram and Hierarchy Application Packages IV. Microsoft Project Professional 2003 To create schedule for the entire project plan To design the chart for the work task allocation Ensure the time limited for the task is look upon V. Microsoft Word To type the final specification report of the project Facilities VI. Internet media To gain access to the video media regarding amphibious vehicle such as you tube To search related information regarding amphibious vehicle To gain access to the related websites To have communication with the project supervisor To have a convenient place to discuss the project development matters The usage of this media is vastly great VII. Money/Time Funds To have food/refreshments for members attending discussion for the entire project plan Towards the expenses like photocopying, phone calls, printing / copying To have transport facilities To make free ourselves on the discussion planned days. 7 Deliverables For our projects deliverables are the stuff/function that can be the result for the task implementation, it consists of things or stuff such as presentation (MSPowerpoint Slideshows), documentation requirements, total design documentation etc. The documents as deliverables used here are namely the System Engineering Management Plan, System Requirement, Functional Analysis and Allocation, and Final System Specification. System Engineering Management Plan (SEMP) This plan consists of the Scope of the Project, Work Breakdown Structure as Schedule, Cost and Product Testing method, Operation concept. It has to be executed in such a way to get the best result by assigning individual task to the respective team members thereby lead the project together with proper planning to bring the required outcome. System Requirements and Specifications (SRS) This emphasise the task that determines the needs for the product, users, designers, system and subsystems. It identifies the needs of each stakeholder. Functional Analysis and Allocation (FA A) This transforms the system level requirement into functions and analyse the behaviour of the system to get the desired result. And these functions are allocated into a physical design (component level). It can be seen in detail through Functional flow block diagram. Final system specification This document comprises all the above three documents which seeks approval from the Project director for the release of the design to Production. 8. Organisational structure We believe on team work, so at all phases the task has been evenly distributed to our team members according to their role. The process flow is as follows, getting the instruction from project director the task has been distributed to the Project Design engineer by the Project manager and also the whole project is monitored by the Project director. 9. Operational Concept The world is in needs of better and more effective and efficient vehicle that could save money, earth, resources and time of travelling which will be having the various good features when operates in both the environments. Keeping that in mind our Engineering team with the engineering skills would like to design an amphibious vehicle having capable of travelling both in road and water. i.e user friendly navigation system safety protection which will meet the customer needs as customer is mainly dependent on the effective and efficient transportation to commute in his day to day life. As the name goes, the designed Amphibious Car having the capability to travel both on land and on water promises to be more environmental friendly than any other amphibious car compared to existing or future market .The idea behind this is from the automobile researchers who have been done and many have succeeded but unable to market the vehicle as it still needs more work has to be done. Some engineers also did research beyond their imagination but some have succeeded and some are still a long way. The conceptual design of amphibious vehicle will be aimed to provide comfortable journey, trouble free service, energy efficient and environment friendly with Safety features for the customers and the features include well designed with double secured protection against water leak and corrosion of vehicles body parts by using the anti corrosive materials and fail safe controls , fuel efficient, operating at an economical way by giving good mileage and the vehicle would be engineered in way of reducing carbon dioxide emission and reducing pollution to Mother Nature as analysed by our expert engineers it would also benefit the market as a new breed of automobile needs many suitable workshop and fuel station. The vehicle has a robust designed in such a way it is very compatibility for both the conditions either it is in water or on the land. The vehicle will be operated as a boat when in water and navigation system made easy during high tides water currents and during windy seasons. The vehicle will be like normal cars when it operates on the road. The design of the bigger wheels will be providing a better ride in terrain, mud and snow and excellent traction capability with 4 gear power transmission and will provide excellent driving experience. The Vehicle will be designed to have a sportive external look. The look and feel of the designed vehicle is such that it would posses pleasant Interior colours , leg rooms spacious comfortable seatings and incorporating entertainment systems which ensures smooth and comfortable rides both on land and water. The vehicle would be cost effective under long run as the he vehicle has been designed in a way that would have less maintenance. The rugged a nd robust design assures reliability of the vehicle. The vehicle will equipped with a spare tyre and necessary tools. Our team has scheduled the conceptual design tasks and our expertise will fulfil every aspect of the customer requirement in terms of operational, maintenance and service needs and to make it big success in the market. 1. Scope 1.1 System overview Our project Amphicar II as the name suggests the vehicle is designed such that is viable both on land and water. It is a sports convertible full rear seat, well designed family size customer vehicle taking into account for the complete luxury as well as the safety of the customer. Customer can plan to drive right off a road or beach onto any lake or river as it is not only a luxurious car once on land but safely floats on water also because the bottom of the vehicle consists of rubber seals which forms a watertight seal. Some of the key design specification of the Amphicar II are: Its proficient 4 cylinder engine has 4 speed auto transmission forward speeds, Front wheels act as twin rudders for fast responsive handling, rear mounted for superior traction on the road, fitted with accelerator control system making the vehicle to run fuel economically both in road and water fitted with 2 rear lamps each and inbuilt side indicators, Speed O meter (digital) to display the cars speed, Coming to the functional aspect of the Amphicar II, once the doors are checked to be closed the customer can just drive into the water edge, and once when the car is into water, the customer is required to put land gear into neutral and then can use the facilities of the propeller or Amphibian jet by engaging it with the smaller stick which has three positions forward, neutral and reverse. Although virtually it is identical to the rest of the Amphibious vehicles, our Amphicar II distinct itself from other late models by having some of the technologies like heater placement, shock mountings, lower body lip and dash treatment and most importantly safety aspect is also considered like emergency rescue equipments and just like any other boats its fully complemented with all the essential maritime equipment like water navigation lights, walkie talkie and an electric pump to expel leak aboard. Our full fledged Amphicar II aims to be tested at the nearest lake side water located in Singapore which provides a chance for the customer to witness our product which also helps us modifying against the Customer requirements if required accordingly The overall Amphicar II project shall be sponsored by Duck Tours Singapore Tourism board. We are confident that this shall provide them a very good public advertisement ensuring the tourism sector remains competitive by allowing the foreigners to visit west side of Singapore and hence making a key contributor to the economy in the years to come. And the responsibility of development of the Amphicar II shall be by Jatin Marine Corporation Ltd since Marine industry of Singapore is handled well by them over period of time and they have potential to progress in engineering and as well as the project from the technical point of view. 1.2 Document overview Requirement analysis is an important key for the success of any development project and it encompasses the task which goes in determining the needs of the product, taking in account of the requirements of the stakeholders such as beneficial of the users. Taking that into account, this document features the following steps in the system requirement process for Amphicar II Identifying and proper analysing of the possible conflicting requirements of the stakeholders and gathering them into the need of the requirement analysis Understanding the Business Requirement followed by defining the process model. Technical approach for the gathered and understood system design including the maintenance concept for the product (Amphicar II) Reviewing the prioritized technical performance measures and other related criteria Checking the functional specification which describes systematically how the Consumer (customer) will use the application project. Towards privacy of the design of Amphicar vehicles future developments, this document shall be Strictly Confidential within the Manufacturer. This document is sensitive enough hence to avoid complications or design copyright issues, document is fully secured with in house policy deployment. 2. Referenced documents v How AMPHICAR works https://auto.howstuffworks.com/1961-1968-Amphicar.htm Referred on 18/01/2010 v Car design and Testing guide https://books.google.com/books?id=M9MDAAAAMBAJpg=PA62dq=Amphicar+designas_brr=1cd=2#v=onepageq=Amphicar%20designf=false Referred on 17/01/2010 v Federal motor vehicle safety standards https://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/import/fmvss/index.html Referred on 18/01/2010 v Propeller design selection information by Yamaha https://www.yamaha-motor.com/outboard/assets/whatsnew/Propeller_Descriptions.pdf Referred on 21/01/2010 v How Aquada works https://auto.howstuffworks.com/aquada4.htm Referred on 21/01/2010 v System safety requirements https://www.truelockbolt.com/Repts+Specs/MIL-STD-810F-514.5.pdf Referred on 21/01/2010 v A reference of Amphicar technical Specification https://www.amphicar.com/specs.htm Referred on 21/01/2010 v A demonstration of Amphicar Operation Referred on 22/01/2010 v A Short course on Automobile Brake system https://www.familycar.com/brakes.htm Referred on 22/01/2010 v Australian Motor Standard Act 1989 https://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/ActCompilation1.nsf/0/BB16074A251B95F5CA2572040019D78D/$file/MotorVehiclesStandards1989.pdf Referred on 20/01/2010 3. Needs The needs for the Amphicar II project are as follows and it is categorised in seven different needs. The each need in the attribute has a unique identifier number where these identifiers are to be used as the reference for the requirement document and subsequent documents. General needs: 3.1.1 The Amphicar need to travel on both land and water 3.1.2 The Amphicar needs to perform of at least 90% of efficiency while the vehicle travelling in water. 3.1.3 The vehicle need to fulfil Australian motor design standard act 1989 3.1.4 The vehicle need to be fitted with the Speed-O-meter (digital) to display the cars speed 3.1.5 The vehicle need to be fitted with 2 rear lamps each and inbuilt side indicators 3.1.6 The Amphicar need to be fitted with rear viewing mirror which tilting of at least 120oDegrees 3.1.7 The Amphicar need to be fitted with 2 head lights where halogen lamps preferred. 3.1.8 The vehicle need to use under any weather conditions which may varies between -40oC to +70oC 3.1.9 The vehicle need to be fitted with accelerator control system which runs the vehicle at fuel economy both in road and water 3.1.10 The vehicle need to be fitted with at least two propellers or amphibian jet which mounted at the rear of the vehicle to steer in water System capability Need:- 3.2.1 The vehicle need to be equipped with 4 speed auto transmission gears with bidirectional controls for steering in road. 3.2.2 The vehicle need to be equipped with 2 speed auto transmission gears with bidirectional controls for steering in water. 3.2.3 The vehicle need to be equipped with steering control system which ensures the safe operation in water too 3.2.4 The vehicle need to be equipped with fuel tank of capacity not exceeding 75litres of standard size 3.2.5 The vehicle needs to be operated with a speed of 100mph in road (Max), at an acceleration of 0 60mph in less than 10 seconds 3.2.6 The vehicle need to be operated with a speed of 30mph in water or 20Knots (Max) and accelerate to a plane in 5seconds 3.2.7 The engine capacity need of at least a power of 175hp, 2.5ltr, 24valve engine. 3.2.8 The Amphibian jet weighs not more than 100 pounds 3.2.9 The Amphicar need to weighs not more than 300 pounds and length not more than 40 inches 3.2.10 The Amphicar need to be equipped with the Automobile rechargeable 12V DC maintenance free alkaline battery. Safety Needs 3.3.1 The vehicle need to be fitted with braking systems 3.3.2 The vehicle need to be fitted with brake hold latch system 3.3.3 The vehicle need to protect the car under leakage and corrosion while travelling in water 3.3.4 The vehicle need to provide the seating system safety (Safety seat belt etc,) 3.3.5 The Amphicar need to be door less design which overcomes the problem with the doors while travelling in water 3.3.6 The every component of the Amphicar need to be tested under extreme conditions which undergone not less than 1500 hours of salt spray test towards the corrosion. 3.3.7 The lower parts of the Amphicar need to be coated with special chemical which combat against sinking while Amphicar travels in water 3.3.8 The Amphicar need to be undergone for float tests of 1000 hours under extreme conditions. 3.3.9 The Amphicar need to be fitted with first aid kit in accordance with the safety standards 3.3.10 The Amphicar need to have life saving jackets of at least for the 4 occupants (Max) Personnel Related Needs 3.4.1 The vehicle needs to provide the seating arrangement of at least 4 individuals 3.4.2 The vehicle needs to be capable of withstanding of at least 1ton of capacity to accommodate obese people. 3.4.3 The vehicle need to be fitted with 2 wipers at front glass comfortable driving when rainy. Security and Privacy Needs 3.5.1 The vehicle needs to be equipped with anti theft prevention 3.5.2 The vehicle need to be equipped with the wireless key controller. 3.5.3 The vehicles driving controls, navigational system and other displays shall be fitted privately to the car driver. Logistics Related Needs 3.6.1 The vehicle need to be competent in travelling road on high abrupt roads. 3.6.2 The Amphicar engine need also be fitted with the Amphibians jet, which shall expel not less than 1 ton of thrust where it is the force needed to plane in water. 3.6.3 The vehicle needs to be comfortable enough while travelling on both road and water by fitting the hand grips, resting pads, Audio player, etc., 3.6.4 The vehicle needs to be fitted GPS (Road map) navigational system for secure travel. 3.6.5 The vehicle needs to be less noisy and pollution free and totally it must be environmental friendly. Other Needs 3.7.1 The vehicle need to be given with the manufacturer identification. 3.7.2 The vehicle need to be given a unique vehicle identification number 3.7.3 The vehicle need to be provided with vehicle in use inspection standards 3.7.4 The vehicle need to be provided warning devices when travelling and at time of parking. 3.7.5 The vehicle need to be capable to follow the Automobile average Fuel economy standard. 4. Requirements 4.1 General Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.1.1 Requirement: The Amphicar vehicle must able to float in water, successfully transition from land to water and vice-versa. Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.2 Requirement: The Amphicar shall have the efficiency of at least 90% when travelling in water Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.3 Requirement: The Amphicar vehicle must comply with Australian motor design standard act 1989. Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.3 Verification Method: Demonstration Simulation Requirement Identifier: 4.1.4 Requirement: The vehicle shall be provided the Speed display unit with a range of 0-250 Km/hr in accordance with Standard No. 101 Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.4 Verification Method: Demonstration Requirement Identifier: 4.1.5 Requirement: The Amphicar shall be fitted 2 rear lamps of 100lumens each with the side indicators Standard No. 108 Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.5 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.6 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with rear viewing mirror in accordance with Standard No. 111 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.1.6 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.7 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with 2 Front headlights of 250lumens Standard No. 108 Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.7 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.8 Requirement: The vehicle shall use under any weather conditions which may varies between -40oC to +70oC Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.8 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.1.9 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with accelerator control system which runs the vehicle at fuel economy both in road and water in accordance with Standard No. 124 Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.9 Verification Method: Simulation Requirement Identifier: 4.1.10 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with at least two propellers or amphibian jet which mounted at the rear of the vehicle to steer in water. Priority: High Traceability: 3.1.10 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 4.2 System Capability Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.2.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall be equipped with 4 speed auto transmission gears with bidirectional controls for steering in road in accordance with MIL-STD-641D Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.2.2 Requirement: The vehicle shall be equipped with 2 speed auto transmission gears with bidirectional controls for steering in water in connection with MIL-STD-641D Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.2.3 Requirement: The vehicle shall comply with Standard No. 203 towards steering control system which ensures the safe operation in water too. Priority: High Traceability: 3.2.3 Verification Method: Simulation Requirement Identifier: 4.2.4 Requirement: The vehicle shall be equipped with fuel tank of capacity not exceeding 75litres of standard size as given by FTC-1001 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.4 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.2.5 Requirement: The vehicle shall be operated with a speed of 100Kmph in road (Max), at an acceleration of 0 60Kmph in less than 10 seconds Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.5 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.2.6 Requirement: The vehicle shall be operated with a speed of 40Kmph in water or 15Knots (Max) and accelerate to a plane in 5seconds. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.6 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.2.7 Requirement: The engine capacity of not more than power 175hp, 2.5ltr, 24valve engine. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.7 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.2.8 Requirement: The Amphibian jet weighs not more than 100 pounds Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.8 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.2.9 Requirement: The Amphicar shall weighs not more than 300 pounds and length not more than 40 inches Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.9 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.2.10 Requirement: The Amphicar shall be equipped with Automobile rechargeable 12V DC maintenance free alkaline battery. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.10 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation 4.3 Safety Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.3.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with braking systems in accordance with Standard No. 105 Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.3.2 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with brake hold latch system in accordance with Standard No. 113 Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.3.3 Requirement: The vehicle shall protect the car under leakage and corrosion while travelling in water in conformance with MIL-STD-810 Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.3 Verification Method: Simulation Requirement Identifier: 4.3.4 Requirement: The vehicle shall provide the seating system safety (Safety seat belt etc.,) as per Standard No. 209 Standard No. 210 Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.4 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.3.5 Requirement: The Amphicar must be door less design which overcomes the problem with the doors while travelling in water Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.5 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.3.6 Requirement: The every component of the Amphicar shall be tested under extreme conditions which undergone not less than 1500 hours of salt spray test towards the corrosion. Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.6 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.3.7 Requirement: The lower part of the Amphicar shall be coated with special chemical which combat against sinking while Amphicar travels in water Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.7 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.3.8 Requirement: The Amphicar shall be undergone for float tests of 1000 hours under extreme conditions. Priority: High Traceability: 3.3.8 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.3.9 Requirement: The Amphicar shall be fitted with first aid kit in accordance with the safety standards. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.3.9 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.3.10 Requirement: The Amphicar shall have life saving jackets of at least for the 4 occupants (Max) Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.3.10 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 4.4 Personnel Related Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.4.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall provide the seating arrangement of at least 4 individuals as per Standard No. 207 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.4.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.4.2 Requirement: The vehicle shall be capable of withstanding of at least 1ton of capacity to accommodate obese people. Priority: Low Traceability: 3.4.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.4.3 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted with 2 wipers at front glass in compliance with Standard No. 104 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.4.3 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 4.5 Security Privacy related Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.5.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall be equipped with anti theft prevention in compliance with Federal motor standard Part 541 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.5.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.5.2 Requirement: The vehicle shall be equipped with the wireless key controller. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.5.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.5.3 Requirement: The vehicles driving controls, navigational system and other displays shall be fitted privately to the car driver. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.5.3 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 4.6 Logistics Related Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.6.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall be competent in travelling road on high abrupt roads. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.6.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.6.2 Requirement: The Amphicar engine shall also be fitted with the Amphibians jet, which shall expel not less than 1 ton of thrust where it is the force needed to plane in water. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.2.8 Verification Method: Demonstration, Analysis Calculation Requirement Identifier: 4.6.3 Requirement: The vehicle shall be comfortable enough while travelling on both road and water by fitting the hand grips, resting pads, Audio player, etc., Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.6.3 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.6.4 Requirement: The vehicle shall be fitted GPS (Road map) navigational system for comfortable travel. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.6.4 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.6.5 Requirement: The vehicle shall be less noise and pollution and totally it must be environmental friendly. Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.6.5 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 4.7 Other Requirements Requirement Identifier: 4.7.1 Requirement: The vehicle shall be given with the manufacturer identification as per Part 566 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.7.1 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.7.2 Requirement: The vehicle shall be given a unique vehicle identification number as per Part 565 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.7.2 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.7.3 Requirement: The vehicle shall be provided with vehicle in use inspection standards as per Part 570 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.7.3 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.7.4 Requirement: The vehicle shall be provided warning devices when travelling and at the time of parking in compliance Standard No. 125 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.7.4 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis Requirement Identifier: 4.7.5 Requirement: The vehicle shall be capable to follow the Automobile average Fuel economy standard as per Part 570 Priority: Medium Traceability: 3.7.5 Verification Method: Demonstration Analysis 1.1 System Overview Amphicar II is a Amphibious car well designed for commercial purpose. As the name suggests this vehicle can travel both on land and on water operating at a speed of 100mph in road (Max), at an acceleration of 0 60Kmph in less than 10 seconds,40Kmph in water or 15Knots (Max) and accelerate to a plane in 5seconds respectively. It behaves as a luxurious family car on land and once on water the front wheel steers into the water and when it sub-merges into the water, the wheels that are attach to the car will be retract with the help of a push button. Once the wheels have been successful retracted, it adds swiftness and mobility to the vehicle, thus enhance the overall performance and efficiency. The door get sealed up by the two rubber strips which work similar to refrigerator door seals and once the vehicle need to be moved or change the direction second gear lever can be used which controls the propeller frontward or backward, and this vehicle is designed such that it can stay inside the water without leakage for many hours. The design specification of the Amphicar II are: Its proficient 4 cylinder engine has 2 speed auto transmission forward speeds, Front wheels act as twin rudders for fast responsive handling, rear mounted for superior traction on the road, fitted with accelerator control system making the vehicle to run fuel economically both in road and water fitted with 2 rear lamps each and inbuilt side indicators, Speed O meter (digital) to display the cars speed, Some of the technologies like heater placement, shock mountings, lower body lip and dash treatment and most importantly safety aspect is also considered like emergency rescue equipments and just like any other boats makes Amphicar II distinct than the other modes and It is fully complemented with all the essential maritime equipment like water navigation lights, walkie talkie and an electric pump to expel leak aboard Our full fledged Amphicar II aims to be tested at the nearest lake side water located in Singapore which provides a chance for the customer to witness our product which also helps us modifying against the Customer requirements if required accordingly. The overall Amphicar II project shall be sponsored by Duck Tours Singapore Tourism board. We are confident that this shall provide them a very good public advertisement ensuring the tourism sector remains competitive by allowing the foreigners to visit west side of Singapore and hence making a key contributor to the economy in the years to come. And the responsibility of development of the Amphicar II shall be by Jatin.Corp Marine Ltd since Marine industry of Singapore is handled well by them over period of time and they have potential to progress in engineering and as well as the project from the technical point of view. The maintenance of this Amphicar II is more than a car but not much more than 4WD which is used off road. We can get any car mechanic to maintain this car. 1.2 Document Overview This document features the following steps in the system requirement process for Amphicar II Identifying and proper analysing of the possible conflicting requirements of the stakeholders and gathering them into the need of the requirement analysis like Each key attached to the vehicle is unique, in the event if the key is lost, Original key can be requested from the main distributor. The vehicle will not start if the wrong set of key is used. The car is only calibrated to work with the original key. In this way, the security of the car is enhanced. Amphicar II has an excellent road grip, and can apply sudden brakes once inside water 2. Referenced Documents This section shall list the number, title, revision, and date of all documents referenced in this specification. Car Maintenance tips https://www.carbibles.com/maintenancetips.html Referred on 27.01.2010 Aerodynamics Basics https://www.recumbents.com/car_aerodynamics/ Referred on 27.01.2010 Aqua dynamics Basics https://www.physorg.com/news128857835.html Referred on 26.01.2010 System Engineering and Management Plan Referred on 23.01.2010 Systems Requirement Specification Referred on 23.01.2010 AMPHICAR II System Specifications 1.2 3. Functional Analysis A Functional Hierarchy Based on the targets given by AdSing Systems engineering and the paradigm requirements (which are given in SRS), the functional analysis of the amphibious car has been done. The identified functions are decomposed in the sub-functions, the detailed functional hierarchy of these functions and sub functions are arranged below. The Functional Flow block diagram of the identified functions is also represented below. In fact the flow between the identified functions is given below, provides the sequence of functions on conditional basis. For example the land transportation and water transportation system must be in good condition at all times. Any one system failure will results in purpose of the vehicle will not be reached. So interlock between these 2 systems is essential. Traceable requirement Identifier land transportation 1.1.1 4.1.1 1.1.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 1.1.3 4.2.3 water transportation 1.2.1 4.2.6 1.2.2 4.1.9 1.2.3 4.1.10 1.2.4 4.2.6 Maintenance Aspects 1.3.1 4.2.5 1.3.2 4.3.6 1.3.3 4.2.7 1.3.4 4.2.10 Optimum performance 1.4.1 4.2.5 1.4.2. 4.2.6 1.4.3 4.2.8 4.2.9 1.4.5.1 4.6.3 1.4.5.2 1.4.7 4.1.8 safety 1.5.1 4.3.2 4.3.4 1.5.2 4.3.1 1.5.3 4.3.9 1.5.4.1 4.6.5 1.5.4.2 security 1.6.1 4.5.1 1.6.2.1 4.5.3 1.6.2.2 1.6.3 4.5.2 Logistics 1.7.1 4.6.1 1.7.2 4.6.3 1.7.3.1 4.6.4 1.7.3.2 Table3 Traceability of functional Analysis 67 AMPHICAR II System Specifications 1.3 4. Physical Design 4.1 Physical Overview Physical hierarchy The breakdown of the system into its subcomponents and its relevance where it is related to other components are given as below, 4.2 Component Details According to their function, the components classification is given in section 4.1. The below section describes briefly of these components attributes and the functions it performs 4.2.1 Land Transportation System The main part of this vehicle is to move in land first before it is used in water transport and here it is very important that it is responsible to move the passengers and luggage to the required destination. This vehicle standard shall comply Australian vehicle design rules. This system component can be classified as Automobile engine, Power steering, Radiator for engine cooling, and aero dynamic design. Automobile Engine :- It provides the vehicle to move on road by driving force the wheels, which is also responsible for pollution free (less CO emissions and noise) and effectively conserves the fuel (Unleaded Petrol) or this engine may be replaced with the Electric powered machine to maintain eco-friendliness. Radiator :- It is responsible for cooling the engine and basically it is liquid cooling. Power Steering : It controls the direction vehicles movement. Also it reduces the effort needed to steer as compared with normal steering. Aero Dynamic Design : It allows the vehicle to have less air resistance and improves the cars performance and mileage or fuel conservation. 4.2.2 Water Transportation System The next of the vehicle Is to travel on the water, where it first float perfectly and then with the help of the Amphibian jet the car must move in the water. Here the thrust of the jet is sufficient enough to move the vehicle mass. The responsible of the system is to carry the passenger and the materials to their destination by which this systems components are Amphibian jet, Wheel retraction system, floating capabilities, and Aqua dynamics. Amphibian Jet : The thrust of the jet is required that it shall expel not less than 1 ton where it is the force needed for the vehicle to move in water. Wheel Retraction System :- This system has much responsible and helps the vehicle to move in to water at rated speed, at the time of propulsion the four wheels are retracted to its home position which helps to the car to move Floating capability :- When the car move in to the water from land, its first mission is to float in the water perfectly. To make happen the body of the car (bottom) must be especially chemical coated and the design of the car must be door less and the relevant features make it happen to float. Aqua Dynamics :- The design standard is responsible for floating and moving the car in water and with the body and the amphibian jet and whose ultimate aim is to travel in water with ease and for the purpose of leisure. 4.2.3 Maintenance Aspects Superior Quality engine :- The quality of the engine helps the vehicle at any conditions the vehicle shall perform to benchmark of the requirement. And hence it reduces the breakdown maintenance by increasing the MTTF (Mean time to failure) and decreasing the MTBF (Mean time between failures). Waterproof Battery :- The water proof battery is responsible for the ignition system, trouble free working at the time of engine starting. Improved Efficiency engine :- The efficiency of the engine must same at all times when it travel on road or water and also try when it run in abrupt roads. Residual buoyancy :- This gives protection against sinking of the car while travelling on the water. 4.2.4 Optimum Performance Acceleration :- The system must perform well on both road and water and which ensures the vehicle movement from standstill. At the same time it shall also consider on the fuel conservation, before the fuel send to the combustible chamber of the engine it must be fitted with the regulator. Usually it shall be specified as the speed with respect to time. Power drive:- The car engine shall have the capacity of maximum BHP, by it gives the full torque required when it travels in abrupt roads. It also shows the driving capacity of the car to handle the different passengers and with the loaded materials in the storage compartment. Perfect transformation :- While switch over from land travel to water, the transformation of gear mechanism shall be perfect which ensures the cars capability to travel on both land and water. Leisure :- The purpose of the car is defined as for leisure and hence it shall fulfil all the necessary requirements in the car like portable car audio system which plays the multiple format of audio songs it should be water proof and also equipped with the mini gaming console like Sony PSP etc. Works at any weather conditions :- This Amphicar must be capable of withstanding and working with any weather conditions. With its ignition system shall always be active at all times 4.2.5 Safety Accident Protection :- Amphicar II are commonly powered by on-board battery packs, and as such are the automakers were widely accused of deliberate self-sabotage, failing to adequately promote their AMPHI CAR II in order to create the false impression that consumers, the use of helmets and seat belts at a 45 angle in Amphicar. They created the inertial reel and the concept of the instrument panel. Braking System :- The most common automotive uses of master cylinders are in brake and clutch systems. In brake systems, the operated devices are cylinders inside of brakes, these cylinders may be called wheel cylinders or slave cylinders, The cylinder is a control device that converts non-hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic pressure created by moving a piston (inside the bore of the master cylinder) toward the slave cylinder(s) compresses the fluid evenly displacement applied to each slave cylinder First aid :- First aid is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury. It is usually performed by a lay person to a sick or injured Oxygen first aid has been used as an emergency treatment for diving injuries for years The success of recompression therapy as well as Emergency medical services may also be locally known as: first aid squad, emergency squad, rescue squad, ambulance squad, ambulance service, ambulance corps or life squad. Environmental Considerations :- Engines are usually run on fossil fuel propellant, and are thus a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Jet engines can use Bio fuels or hydrogen, although the production of the latter is usually made from fossil fuels. Jet engines are usually very reliable and have a very good safety record. However, failures do sometimes occur. The water jet offered several other advantages over propellers for a wide range of vessel types, and as such water jets are used widely today for many high speed vessels including passenger ferries, rescue craft, patrol boats and offshore supply vessels. Water proof System :- Navigation improvements, weirs and locks are used together. A weir will increase the depth of a shallow stretch. Amphibious car travelling over water (in which case they consist of a pair of air cells (bladders) that can be inflated by triggering the release of carbon dioxide gas from a canister one canister for each separate cell. Or the cells can be inflated Orally that is by blowing into a flexible tube with a one-way valve to seal the air in the cell. Lifejackets must also be supplied on seafaring vessels, accessible to all crew and passengers and to be donned in an emergency. 4.2.6 Security Anti Theft System :- This system enables the owner of the car against the theft, in fact it shall be arise the alert sound when unknown person touches the car or if the car misplaced by its original location, it will send the details about the new location to the owner of the car by sending messages to mobile phone etc.., Communication :- The car may be with mechanical failures or troubles, under certain circumstances this system helps out in giving the alarm to the outside people, also it enabled with the automatic alert to the passengers. Unforeseen situations it has to be informed to the rescue team especially while travelling in the water. Remote locking system :- The system helps the passenger to lock the car doors remote (wireless) with ease towards the comfort of the passenger. 4.2.7 Logistics Good Accommodation :- At least 4 persons need to seated in the car, the seats are adjustable type and also water proof in nature, altogether this particular shall be responsible for leisure travel. GPS Navigation :- While travelling in land or water the navigation system plays a important role by giving the direction and location details of the place it is needed to complete the travel. When travelling in water it shall also gives the information about depth. Storage :- While travelling, the needs by the passengers like food items, groceries, clothes, maintenance tool box kit are to be stored in a designated location called compartment, and this shall also be water proof. Competent in Abrupt roads :- At the time travel and especially when travelling in new places where the road conditions are also taken in account and hence the requirement of the car here is, it shall have the competency in travelling those places without any breakdown or minor failures.

LeMoyne College Essay Topics

LeMoyne College Essay TopicsLeMoyne College is celebrated for its article subjects. Every year, the College sorts out point choice exercises that include understudies in finding their preferred subjects and afterward compose expositions on those topics.The Center for Writing, Assessment and Evaluation (CWIET) has an office at LeMoyne that offers free coaching administrations for your school article. This office has been granted by the College since it is really helping understudies get their work done better.Writing educators have made it simpler for understudies to discover exposition subjects since the points are accessible on the web. Understudies can discover their papers and go to a site where they can take a shot at their essays.The College of Writing and Literature and Computer Science at LeMoyne have sorted out a drawn out award to assist individuals with accomplishing their composing objectives. There are open doors for understudies to get awards to assist them with accompli shing their composing objectives. The award is granted to understudies who are recorded as a hard copy courses and are searching for awards to assist them with gaining school degrees.The Charles A. Dana Foundation is useful for instructors and school educators at LeMoyne College. This grant is granted to ladies in the Breck-Wilcox-Perry program. Understudies who are in ladies' investigations at LeMoyne College can find out about issues identified with the effect of women's liberation and strengthening of women.The Scholar's Fund at LeMoyne College grants $1000 every year to two individual or couples for concentrate abroad grants. This grant program must be granted to understudies who are as of now selected at LeMoyne College. These grants can be extremely useful for understudies who need to have a feeling of network and culture.The Core College Scholarship Program at LeMoyne College gives out $2020 in grants to understudies who are as of now enlisted at LeMoyne College. This grant p rogram depends on the possibility that the individuals who intend to come back to school ought to likewise get an opportunity to procure a degree. Understudies who are keen on this grant can contact LeMoyne College to get more data.

The Argument About 6th Grade Writing Samples Teaching Essay

<h1>The Argument About sixth Grade Writing Samples Teaching Essay </h1> <p>We tend to gracefully a more extensive methodology by showing you realities and information behind every theme. At the point when you surf our site for suggestions that may assist you with composing your own article, you will run over numerous accommodating tips. Urge them to gain a pictorial reference book with their preferred spring celebration. </p> <h2>Top sixth Grade Writing Samples Teaching Essay Choices </h2> <p>This shouldn't be the absolute first prologue to the point. The five-section position is customarily utilized in 6th grade. See that the target of an influential discourse is much the same as the reason for composing a pugnacious or enticing essaythe authoritative structure and kind of data in a powerful discourse would be. </p> <h2> How to Get Started with sixth Grade Writing Samples Teaching Essay?</h2> <p>Where you will show ev ery one of your aptitudes, you've learned through late years. Understudies will consider how people impact nature and what they can do so as to support it and secure against more harm. They have to figure out how to compose enticing essaysthis expertise is basic since it is frequently tried. In tenth grade, they ought to have the option to compose and finish composed sytheses all the time. Using a deck of playing a game of cards, the understudies will choose the assortment of reps for a few activities. </p> <p>Writing a blueprint is a somewhat compelling intends to thoroughly consider how you will sort out and present the data in your article. Our paper composing worksheets underneath give excellent practice with unmistakable sorts of exposition composing. Composing an abstract paper in the 6th grade is a fairly clear methodology that should take only a couple of hours to wrap up. </p> <p>Also, when you are reviewing, it is conceivable to rapidly check the passages and articles. Each exposition observed the indistinguishable standard structure. The equivalent is valid for top article authors. Step by step instructions to form a descriptive article. </p> <p>You can complete a smaller than usual exercise with a little gathering. While I miss my past city I like living inside this new one. The absolute last thing that is distinctive is about my buddies. I have a decent arrangement of companions at school and they all are very positive and kind. This is on the grounds that we're genuine companions and we're limited by the standard interests. </p> <p>If you wish to get high excellent research and theory papers in time and at a reasonable cost, you ought to presumably endeavor utilizing EssaySupply.com. The target of the business alone makes this a standout amongst other article administrations. You should consider this administration in cas e you're new to the web composing organizations. This composing organization ensures their papers are for the most part the great quality and all the clients are satisfied. You will probably need to redo these rubrics to satisfy your points and norms, however these ought to give you a decent spot to start. We've made a rundown of the absolute best paper composing administrations of 2016 to have the option to assist it with getting clear for you which administrations were the absolute best and most reliable last schedule year. </p> <p>A convincing discourse is furnished with the aim of convincing the crowd to feel a specific way to make a specific move or to help a specific view or cause. Moreover, it must be consistently finished and express a specific thought. It's realized that every beneficial thing begins with little measures. There are two or three methods we instruct inside this program. </p> <p>However, everything changes and we endeavor to keep yourself refreshed with the occasions. Among the things that is precisely the same is that we both have individuals who are highly contrasting. There are things which are precisely the same and a couple of different things which are extremely extraordinary. In the first place, there are heaps of things that are similar between both of these spots. In the first place, I'll visit pretty much all the things which are exactly the same and afterward I'll talk about the things that are diverse between both of these spots. Take a gander at all these errors. </p>

One Simple Trick for Good Essay Topics for in Favor of and Not in Favor of Revealed

<h1> One Simple Trick for Good Essay Topics for in Favor of and Not in Favor of Revealed </h1> <h2> Good Essay Topics for in Favor of and Not in Favor of: No Longer a Mystery </h2> <p>Make certain you can bolster whatever you state with clear and solid proof, and your cases will be significantly more grounded! On the off chance that examination proceeds at definitely a similar pace during the following a very long while, at that point all there's motivations to feel that researchers will understand the achievements that they're hoping to accomplish. On the off chance that individuals contradict immature microorganism look into, it is ordinarily not since they deny the straightforward point that there's an ethical basic to reduce languishing. Inside my assessment NAFTA is an extraordinary thing. </p> <p>At the finish of these rundown, you will find connects to a scope of factious passages and expositions. It's essential to choose begging to be proven wrong pugnacious exposition subjects as you need contradicting focuses that you may counter to your own focuses. In the event that it's important to create your entire article in 1 day, do your absolute best to give yourself breaks so you don't wear out. There are numerous means that you should take to have the option to create an incredible paper. </p> <p>With their help, you will realize which viewpoints should be considered during the absolute first talk. In addition, you must consider a couple of general realities, additionally, viz. The basic role of composing a contentious exposition is to see how to persuade people to alter their view of things they firmly put stock in. Gandhi, for example, was profoundly doubt of contemporary advances. </p> <p>Always start with something that you are familiar with when settling on a generally excellent subject. You can go to the site of PenMyPaper, as right now, it is one of the top brands. You're a genuine su bject devotee! </p> <p>Odds are, you should simply unwind and find a subject you're energetic about and, clearly, one that is easily proven wrong. At the point when you read over the rundown of subjects on unmistakable books or web assets you will comprehend that you do know a few things inside and out, all around ok to instruct, however there are a couple of themes that are simpler than others to clarify. With the help of our tips for composing and our intriguing assortment of points, you're ensured to have a high evaluation! All things considered, it isn't so natural to pick the absolute best powerful paper subjects from a pool of incredible proposals. </p> <p>You will stay in a memorable situation which things you should make reference to in your paper and the best approach to make changes between contentions. Contentions consistently happen in a specific setting. Regardless of whether you think in a particular contention firmly, on the off chance that you come up short on the proof to show your point, at that point your contention may very well be as incredible as lost. You may repeat your contention, which is a somewhat basic practice among writers. </p> <h2> Details of Good Essay Topics for in Favor of and Not in Favor of </h2> <p>With every one of these choices to investigate, it very well may be exceptionally overpowering to pick 1 point for your paper especially if your teacher has given you an open-finished kind of task. Understudies experience a ton of difficulties that may shield them from composing superb papers. </p> <p>Last, in case you're uncertain about how to structure your paper, you can rely upon article layouts. Composing an exposition isn't ever a simple activity. Plotting an exposition is probably going to make a creative cycle considerably less hard for you. Composing an exposition identifying with this writing is a troublesome activity. </p> <p>Moral factious paper subjects are a couple of t he easiest to become overzealous with. It isn't so easy to make a how-to article. Sociology articles give you a chance to introduce your supposition and shout out. An excellent pugnacious paper will be founded on built up or new research rather than just on your thoughts and emotions. </p> <p>This instructive article won't just tell you simply the best way to pick pugnacious paper points, however it is going to likewise show you exactly how to make the endeavor, as well! See perception exposition guides to get an idea of the manner by which an amazing theme seems like. Looking into the theme grants you to discover progressively about what interests you, and should you pick something you truly like, composing the paper will be increasingly charming. You can get a great deal of rather charming and uncommon perception paper subjects essentially this way. </p> <p>What's the capacity of the mammoth, and what precisely does it connote being an otherworldly power. It won't be contentious if there's nothing to contend. Remember that you have to consistently pick the theme you know something about it and you may compose it in a superior methods. At the point when you're picking your subject, remember that it's a lot more straightforward to expound on something which you right now have intrigue ineven on the off chance that you don't have a clue about a lot about it. </p> <p>One of the best ways to deal with persuade anyone's psyche is by method of a passionate association. Battling and despising isn't an answer. While picking what to expound on, ensure it is something which you perceive about. </p>

Research Topics For Research Paper Topic

<h1>Research Topics For Research Paper Topic</h1><p>While formative brain science is frequently observed as a control that manages 'adolescent' worries, there are numerous themes for investigate papers that have a considerably more explicit core interest. These points are substantially more useful than most might suspect and the exploration that goes into them assists with making this control of study more successful.</p><p></p><p>One of the most significant formative brain science subjects for look into paper subjects is the youngster/immature. Guardians frequently see the high school a very long time as a period of experimentation when they need to attempt new things in their kids or teenagers and are searching for approaches to shield their children from the worries of life. The examination frequently takes a gander at the effect of child rearing styles and how they connect with the practices of the youngsters that will shape who they beco me.</p><p></p><p>When it goes to a standard of conduct that is causing worry for a parent, the exploration centers around helping the guardians to discover what is causing the pressure. There are numerous approaches to do this and the exploration regularly takes a gander at the utilization of social treatments to support youngsters and adolescents manage issues that they might be having. There are likewise a wide range of kinds of conduct treatment that guardians can use to enable their kid to learn new propensities that they will have the option to live with and profit by later on. This exploration is regularly applied to guardians who experience difficulty managing their children's problems.</p><p></p><p>A investigation of how social aptitudes and social improvement are connected is another formative subject for inquire about paper points. With society being as it is today, the significance of social aptitudes and improvement is a lo t higher than any time in recent memory. Conduct and beneficial encounters that happen previously or during pre-adulthood can incredibly influence the capacities of an individual and the pressure that they are feeling.</p><p></p><p>One of the approaches to help with this is to help the youngster through the progress to secondary school. This should be possible by having them take an interest in exercises with different understudies to get familiar with the obligations that accompany this experience so they can manage it later in life.</p><p></p><p>Many concentrates additionally take a gander at how connections can be influenced by the formative brain research of an individual. One approach to deal with this is to assist them with finding approaches to collaborate with others such that will assist them with remaining solid and upbeat in the long run.</p><p></p><p>These are only a couple of the numerous formative subjects for examine paper points. Similarly as with any subject, there are numerous different ones that fall under this class. Remember that you should utilize your own insight and aptitude to know precisely what you are doing with your examination, however that the general objective is to help improve the personal satisfaction for people.</p>

Simple Enlever (to Remove) French Verb Conjugations

When you want to say to remove or to take off in French, use the verb  enlever. This is a different meaning than  prendre  (to take) or  amener  (to take or bring), so its important to keep the three straight.   To place  enlever  into the past tense removed or to the present tense removing, a verb conjugation is required. There are a few challenges found in this conjugation, but a quick lesson will clear things up. Conjugating the French Verb  Enlever Enlever  is a  stem-changing verb. As you can see from the table,  the second E often changes to an à ¨. This is a common transformation found in verbs ending in -e_er. To conjugate  enlever  to the present, future, or imperfect past tense, pair the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense. For instance, I remove is jenlà ¨ve and we will remove is nous enlà ¨verons. Practicing these in context will make memorization a little easier. Subject Present Future Imperfect j enlve enlverai enlevais tu enlves enlveras enlevais il enlve enlvera enlevait nous enlevons enlverons enlevions vous enlevez enlverez enleviez ils enlvent enlveront enlevaient The Present Participle of  Enlever The  present participle  of  enlever  is  enlevant. This is done by adding -ant  to the verb stem and youll notice the E does not change here. This is a verb, of course, though it can also act as an adjective, gerund, or noun in some contexts. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a common way to express the past tense removed in French. It requires the  past participle  enlevà ©Ã‚  and a conjugation of the  auxiliary verb  avoir. For instance, I removed is jai enlevà © and we removed is nous avons enlevà ©. Notice how  ai  and  avons are conjugates of  avoir  and that the past participle does not change. More Simple  Enlever  Conjugations There may also be times when you will need the following verb forms, though theyre not as important as the others.   Quite simply, the subjunctive and conditional verb forms are used when the verbs action is not guaranteed. Used with less frequency, youll likely only find the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j enlve enlverais enlevai enlevasse tu enlves enlverais enlevas enlevasses il enlve enlverait enleva enlevt nous enlevions enlverions enlevmes enlevassions vous enleviez enlveriez enlevtes enlevassiez ils enlvent enlveraient enlevrent enlevassent A very informal use of  enlever  is the imperative form. Its used in direct commands and requests and the subject pronoun is not required. Instead of tu enlà ¨ve, use enlà ¨ve alone. Imperative (tu) enlve (nous) enlevons (vous) enlevez

Ets Toefl Essay Topics Reviews & Guide

<h1> Ets Toefl Essay Topics Reviews &amp; Guide </h1> <h2>What You Need to Do About Ets Toefl Essay Topics Beginning in the Next 15 Minutes </h2> <p>TOEFL raters study your ability to make different sorts of sentences. Also, remember, this is the past area of the TOEFL. In the long run, you're need to have a far reaching TOEFL practice examit's the main strategy to be completely prepared for the TOEFL. Inside the absolute first activity, TOEFL Independent Speaking subjects have an incredibly wide assortment. </p> <p>Nevertheless, the subjects will no doubt be fundamentally the same as by and large. Obviously, numerous TOEFL takers feel this is unquestionably the most scary segment of the test. Expounding on an alternate subject is a straightforward strategy to get an exceptionally low score. </p> <p>My objective today is to give all of you of the data you'll need to be fruitful with the TOEFL Independent Writing area. In the event that you prepare for the US. You get the opportunity to go to an outside nation for about fourteen days. Subsequently, among the most reduced scores understudies may get is for missing the subject. </p> <p>If that is the circumstance, view our rundown of TOEFL exposition themes where you are sure to find bounty practice material. This is less difficult to do on the off chance that the training question incorporates test answers that it is conceivable to contrast your reaction with, however you have to do this progression for a considerable number practice papers you compose, even on the off chance that they don't show up with any answer clarification. Finishing practice papers will permit you to turn out to be increasingly acquainted with what the prompts will resemble (see next area), and you additionally need to consider the rubr ics TOEFL graders will utilize while evaluating your articles so you get a superior perception of what you will requirement for a high score. Finishing planned practice papers will assist you with avoiding this. </p> <p>To form a paper index it's something new. In case you're entrusted to crearte a paper about promoting, be sure to peruse the accompanying updated exposition model that can help you. Perusing our article composing tests can offer you a sense whether the standard of our expositions is the quality you're searching for. You're not anticipated to make an all around looked into, point by point paper about an amazingly explicit, specific subject. </p> <p>For the Independent Writing task, you will acquire an inquiry on a particular theme or issue. Since the time your subject will likely be not quite the same as the ones which you have arranged for, it's essential to keep center and build up your exposition around your starting section. Talking about your feelings will guarantee it is more straightforward to expound on them. You don't must have a lot of explicit information on any subject to be effective. </p> <h2> The Upside to Ets Toefl Essay Topics</h2> <p>The PC programming is proposed to search for various sentence designs. In any case, on the other side, there are only a couple of various types of inquiries. To begin with, you will need to perceive watchwords from the inquiry. Publicizing is sanctioned kind of lying. </p> <h2> The Fundamentals of Ets Toefl Essay Topics Revealed </h2> <p>You might be gotten some information about innovation, training, media, relatives, or an other subject. You ought to have your reasons, and our chief concern is that you wind up getting an incredible evaluation. A few people imagine that the best methods for finding out about existence is by tuning in to the assistance of relatives and companions. Others believe that the absolute best methods for finding out about existence is by method of individual experience. </p> <p>One of the essential contentions for promoting is it produces riches. The assignments are planned in the on-line choice. In (4), you are mentioned to show a theoretical situation and clarify your determination. There are a couple of ways that you can upgrade your score by using some essential techniques. </p> <p>It's just typical to be restless about recruiting an on-line exposition essayist as you can not ever be certain whether you are utilizing the fitting help or not. Along these lines, you might want to do a smidgen of training as an approach to be prepared for the composing area of your English language test. Other than that, the teacher is giving an extra data with respect to the sheltered private company. Thus, be sure to set aside a few minutes for training articles and monitor your advancement. </p>

Call Center Essay Topics - Writing Essays Is Not As Hard As You Think

<h1>Call Center Essay Topics - Writing Essays Is Not As Hard As You Think</h1><p>Writing your call place exposition subjects isn't the most moving activity. You have to place your essence into it. Your work requires a reasonable, succinct and to the point exposition that can truly be perceived by your manager. Coming up next are a few hints that can assist you with abstaining from making this sort of mistakes.</p><p></p><p>Don't put in everything that you can consider. A few things are self-evident, while a few things are most certainly not. On the off chance that your exposition will be reviewed, your manager is going to perceive how complete your data is and on the off chance that you have attached excessively. Giving them all that you can consider won't make things any better. It is really the opposite.</p><p></p><p>Instead, consider making a postulation articulation. This is something that you can use to tie the en tirety of your data together. At the point when you are done, you will have the option to offer your manager a conclusive rundown of what it is that you have been attempting to say.</p><p></p><p>When it goes to your configuration, you might need to consider writing in a succession. This may mean separating your paper into segments. At that point, see that area and use it as your framework.</p><p></p><p>This system may lead you to expound on a particular theme. That way, it will allow you to consider what you need to state. It will likewise offer you a chance to pick an opportunity to expound on what you need to state. By knowing when you ought to compose, you will undoubtedly give yourself more opportunity to sort out and consider your writing.</p><p></p><p>The most significant thing that you can do is to give your manager's actually what they are searching for. You may possess to take out energy for research an d consider things, however giving your boss precisely what they need and need can assist you with landing that position easily. It can likewise assist you with being progressively beneficial and acquire more money.</p><p></p><p>Writing call focus exposition subjects isn't simple. Nonetheless, in the event that you follow these tips, you will have the option to make an extraordinary archive that you can demonstrate your manager to be prepared for their review.</p>

How to Apply Tecas Essay Samples

How to Apply Tecas Essay SamplesIf you are having a hard time writing an essay or looking for a great online tutorial to help you, the best place to look is at the 'Tecas Essay Samples' websites that are all over the Internet. You will find a lot of different resources and tips to help you write a great essay and be able to pass it off as your own work.What is so great about these resources is that they have essays to be written and essay samples to be used in helping you create the essay that you want to pass off as your own. They have essays that are created by other people that have already had their essays printed and distributed to individuals that can get a hold of them.These online tutorials and essays sites provide the type of resources that you will need in order to help you write a great essay, which is why they are such a valuable resource for students that want to take a solid course in writing. These resource websites will help you to be able to build the knowledge that you need in order to be able to pass off the essay as your own work.A great website that has many essays that are available to use and review from the Tecas Essay Samples is by far the Golden Frog Online tutorial. This website has resources that are perfect for helping you write a great essay and even gives you the tools that you need to help you choose the right essay that will help you pass off as your own.There are many reasons why you should use this website and these reasons are some of the main reasons why you should use the 'Tecas Essay Samples' site that is on the Golden Frog site. One of the main reasons that you should use this website is because of how the essays that are available are of various different types.If you are looking for a style that you have never heard of before, you can simply type in different words and phrases that you think are similar and come up with an essay that is unique. These essays help to broaden your learning on a certain subject and you do n ot have to spend time and money purchasing books that are full of information that you already know.The other reason that you should use this website is because of how the essays are presented to you. The essays are presented to you with an example of the topic in a picture format so that you will not only be able to understand the essay but you will also be able to improve on your writing skills by seeing what the average reader of the paper will respond to when they look at your paper.In addition to the valuable resources that the Golden Frog website has to offer, they also provide you with some tutorials and essays that can help you on the way to passing off your essay as your own. In order to see what is being offered and to see how they work, you should visit the Golden Frog Essay Samples site and look for the tutorial link that can take you to the Tecas Essay Samples site where you can review and use the essays that are offered there.

Sample Essay Outlines - Creating Your Own

Sample Essay Outlines - Creating Your OwnWhen writing your samples essay, a good way to organize your thoughts is to use an outline. To do this, you need to break the essay down into parts that are easy to read. The first part of the outline should include an introduction and summary. Then you can add more details as you go along.It is important to remember that the samples essay that you write will need to be more than just reading material. Instead, the essay should be an introduction to each individual topic. This is how you can learn the material in a way that will interest the reader.The sample essay will need to be short and simple. You do not want to take up too much time on the essay. The more information you include, the longer it will take to read the essay. If you put too much information in, the reader will not be able to get all of the information.If you are writing the essay for a test, keep the essay brief. The main idea should be the focus of the essay. If you include too much detail, the essay will be less effective.Keep in mind that some topics are best taught in class while others will be easier to learn from the author's experience. It is important to choose one that you are comfortable with. In addition, it is important to find out what the average time for completion is on that particular topic.The main idea for the samples essay should always be the main idea. It should be clear to the reader what you want to say. You will need to write the introduction before the main ideas. The introduction should be an explanation of what the topic will discuss.Try to be as descriptive as possible in the examples. In addition, you should try to be as concrete as possible when you describe how the topic should be used. Do not use language that will make the examples too abstract. Write as if you were describing the topic in real life.You will find that you learn a lot about the topic by reading sample essays. Keep the examples short and to the point. Yo u can also include color pictures and charts to make the examples more interesting.